Art History +

Renaissance Perspective (1400–1600): How Artists Invented Depth — A Student’s Guide with Clear Examples
Linear perspective is a Renaissance method for creating convincing depth on a flat surface using a horizon line, a single vanishing point, and orthogonals that recede toward it. First demonstrated in Florence by Filippo Brunelleschi around 1415 and codified by Leon Battista Alberti in 1435, the system reshaped painting from Masaccio’s Holy Trinity to Piero della Francesca’s mathematical treatise, and from Leonardo’s aerial perspective to Raphael’s grand stage spaces. Below you’ll find step‑by‑step cues, clear diagrams in words, and short reads of canonical works. See how later movements re‑tooled geometry... Read more...
Pop Art, Explained: A Student’s Timeline & Toolbox (1950s–1970s)
A clear, student‑friendly guide to the Pop Art movement: where it began, how it spread, and the techniques—screenprinting, Ben‑Day dots, collage—that made everyday media and consumer culture look newly strange. Read more...
De Stijl vs Constructivism: A Student’s Side‑by‑Side Guide (with Bauhaus Typography Examples & a “Black Square” Context)
A clear, student‑friendly comparison of De Stijl and Constructivism—origins, goals, visual language, and legacy—plus a quick Bauhaus typography module and a concise “Black Square” analysis. Includes an at‑a‑glance table, case studies, and museum links for deeper study. Read more...
Expressionism Explained: Origins, Key Works, and a Student Timeline
Expressionism turned the city’s pulse—and private fear—into color and line. This guide explains what Expressionism is, how Die Brücke and Der Blaue Reiter differed, why prints and film mattered, and where to see essential works today, with a concise German Expressionism timeline for students. Read more...
Precisionism (1915–1940): America’s Machine-Age Geometry — Key Ideas, Artists & Famous Works
The precisionism art movement distilled America’s factories, bridges, and skyscrapers into calm, geometric clarity. Explore its origins, signature look, key painters, and why these machine-age visions still shape how we see cities today. Read more...
Futurism (1909–late 1930s): Painting Speed, Sound, and the Modern City
The futurism art movement exploded out of Milan with a swaggering love of speed, technology, and the modern city—racing from canvases and sculpture into architecture, performance, and even noise music. This guide traces how artists like Umberto Boccioni, Giacomo Balla, Gino Severini, Carlo Carrà, and Luigi Russolo turned motion into form and time into image. Read more...
Constructivism (1913–1930s): From Studio “Laboratory” to Street Design
A clear, design-literate guide to the constructivism art movement—from Tatlin’s experimental “constructions” to Lissitzky’s Red Wedge, Popova’s textiles, and Rodchenko’s photomontage—plus how to spot it, who to know, and where to see it today. Read more...
Suprematism (1915–1929): From “Black Square” to Infinite Space
A clear, image-rich guide to the Suprematism art movement—what it is, how Malevich’s “Black Square” changed painting, the 0,10 exhibition, key works and artists, and why its geometric abstraction still shapes modern art and design. Read more...
Op Art (Optical Art): How Artists Turned Vision into Vibration (1955–1975)
A fast, design-literate guide to the Op Art movement—its 1960s rise, how the illusions work, the key artists (Vasarely, Riley), and where to see iconic works today—plus viewing tips and a glossary. Read more...
De Stijl (Neoplasticism): The Dutch Movement that Made Modern Minimalism (1917–1931)
Why the grid of red, yellow, blue, and black keeps shaping modern taste: a clear, skimmable guide to the De Stijl movement—its origins, principles, key figures, iconic works, and lasting impact on design, architecture, and culture. Read more...
Bauhaus: The Short-Lived School that Rewired Modern Art, Design, and Everyday Life (1919–1933)
From Weimar to Dessau to Berlin, the Bauhaus movement fused art, craft, and industry into a new language of clarity and function. This guide breaks down origins, workshops, icons, myths, and how to spot Bauhaus design in the wild—concise, visual, and deeply sourced. Read more...